Betrayal In The City Analysis Play By Fransis Imbuga

Title: BETRAYAL IN THE CITY
Setting: KAFIRA
Playwright: FRANCIS IMBUGA


BOOK OVERVIEW

Scene 1

It is set at Adika's grave. the grave appears to have been burnt and there is a bowl of coins on it. Nina and Doga, Adika's parents are approaching the grave in the morning to prepare for the shaving ceremony.
The burning of the grave confirms that the person who killed Adika lives among them. It's revealed that Adika was shot by a police officer during a university demonstration. Chagaga, the sub-chief's brother was implicated in the murder.
Jusper comes back. Since his brother's death, he has been behaving strangely. This has made his parents suspect that he is mad. He is coming from the river where he has thrown Chagaga's body whom he had caught burning Adika's grave to prevent Adika's ghost from haunting him -as the community believes. He asks his parents whether he should go and confess the murder. Thinking that he is raving, they tell him to put on a clean shirt and go confess.
Two soldiers, Jere and Mulili, arrive to ensure that no ceremony is held in memory of Adika. They inform Nina and Doga that Jusper is currently in custody. After confessing to have murdered Chagaga an angry mob almost lynched him. He was saved by the police and locked up.
Mulili and Jere argue over whether to allow the ceremony to go on. Jere being from that village understands the importance of a shaving ceremony as a traditional ritual and therefore he wants to let the old couple proceed with it. Mulili differs with him because he has been promised a large chunk of land by Boss in return for his loyalty. They fight. Jere shoots at Mulili.


Scene II
The scene is set in a prison cell. Jere is a prisoner; apparently he was arrested after his fight with Mulili. The other prisoner is Mosese; a university lecturer arrested after Adika's funeral. Like Jere, Mosese is a political prisoner persecuted for criticising the government.
The scene reveals how Mosese ended up in prison: a man called Nicodemus/Nicodemo planted opium in his vehicle for Mosese to be arrested and falsely accused of possessing illegal drugs.
Following the incident Mosese dropped his Christian name Nicodemus to be called Mosese wa Tonga. Mosese reveals to Jere the government's plan to have prisoners act a play to entertain a visiting head of state. Jere narrates how he was arrested after being deployed in his own village to "restore order".
Askari brings Mosese a cup of tea citing that Mosese belongs to his tribe. He observes that "one needs a tall relative to get anything in Kafira". This highlights the wide spread nepotism and corruption in the state.
Mosese is disillusioned by the state of things in Kafira under Boss' leadership. He points out that the political leadership of Kafira has destroyed all the hopes that the citizens had of a better independent Kafira.


Scene III
The scene is set in Regina's small room. Regina is Mosese's sister and Jusper's girlfriend. Jusper has visited. He, like all university students, is in a red gown to show that they are protesting against the government. He has been released from custody after his parents were murdered.
Jusper and Regina argue about the best course of action in Kafira. Obviously an idealist, Jusper favours protests and head-on collision with the dictatorial government. In opposition, Regina argues that people should be concerned about survival instead of trying to fight a ruthless regime that is ready to kill. She says that "fighting the government is like fighting stones" -people with no feelings.
Regina's landlord, Mr. Tumbo comes to visit. Tumbo is also a high ranking government official. He confirms about the impending visit by a foreign head of state and that the prisoners are to stage a play in his entertainment.
When Regina tells Tumbo that Jusper like writing plays, he asks him to write one for the occasion. Tumbo was supposed to conduct a play writing competition in order to select the best play for the occasion but he fraudulently awards Jusper the tender to write the play promising to pay him and publish the news of "Jusper's winning" in newspapers.
He encourages Regina to go see Boss and plead for Mosese's release.


ACT 2
Scene I
The scene is set in a conference room where the entertainment committee is set to meet. Kabito, the first member of the committee to arrive, is sleeping. Nicodemus -the one who set up Mosese -is the second one to arrive. Kabito tells Nicodemo how he had gotten a tender through bribery but later lost it to Mulili who had sought Boss' intervention.
They are later joined by Tumbo and the meeting begins. The meeting lacks seriousness as much time is spent discussing payment of the committee members instead of discussing business of the day. Mulili arrives late for the meeting. He narrates how he was able to get the milk tender that had been awarded to Kabito by seeking Boss' intervention.
They continue to raise ridiculous suggestions as to how the visitor should be entertained. These suggestions give a picture of a nation that is desperate to fool the foreign head of state that its citizens are happy and content with the government.
Mulili and Kabito quarrel in the course of the meeting. They committee members then take a break to return later.


Scene II
This scene is set at Boss' palace. Boss is pulling out grey hairs -an indicator that he may be the kind of leader who wants to rule for life.
Mulili has visited him after the quarrel with Kabito. He lies to Boss that Kabito is slandering his name at the committee meeting saying that Boss is spoiling Kafira's economy by grabbing public property and hiding wealthy in foreign banks.
Infuriated, Boss orders Mulili to kill Kabito and make it look like an accident. Thus, Mulili gets his revenge against Kabito.


Scene III
It takes place in the same room the committee had met in earlier.
Jusper has come to inform Tumbo that he is no longer interested in writing the play for the event. He says it is because Regina was almost raped by Boss when she went to plead for Mosese's release. The conversation reveals that Boss locked up his wife for complaining about the incident. Having just learnt of Kabito's suspicious death, Tumbo warns him that it would be unwise to stop participating in the play.
Mulili comes back after the break for meeting. Tumbo and Nicodemo pretend they did not know anything about the death. He tells them that Kabito was drunk and had been killed in a hit and run accident. He also reports that Boss is so sad and has ordered a road be named Kabito Road.
Scene IV
This is set in Boss' palace where the prisoners are rehearsing the play to be staged for the foreign head of state.
Tumbo and Jusper are making final preparations. Tumbo is understandably scared because of Boss' hot temper. It is revealed that university students have fired Jusper for writing the play for the government.
Boss arrives and asks Jusper to stage the play. In his talk with Jusper, Boss says that students have no right to protest against anything in Kafira. He boasts that their demonstration against expatriate personnel resulted to nothing but the death of a student and the imprisonment of a senior lecturer. He says that after the demonstration he deliberately ordered for three hundred more expatriate workers in defiance to their protests.
Then they learn that one prisoner who was to be actor in the play fell ill and can therefore not take part in the rehearsal. Boss offers to step in for him and he orders the police to surrender their guns to be used as props when they discover that some props were not ready yet.
As part of the play, Jere and Mosese get hold of the guns and challenge Boss and his henchmen. Apparently Jusper and the prisoners had crafted a coup into the play.
Mulili denies any relation with Boss calling him a "distant cousin". He further claims that Boss should be killed because he spoilt Kafira's economy, killed Kabito.
Boss is angered by this act of betrayal so he asks Jere to kill him. However Jere tells him they have no reason to kill him because Kafira needs everybody including Boss. Jusper takes the gun and kills Mulili.
The play ends with Nina and Doga's ghosts mourning their son.

CLICK HERE FOR FULL ANALYSIS OF FORM AND CONTENTS OF THE BOOK BETRAYAL IN THE CITY

Read More

An Enemy Of The People Analysis Play By Henric Ibsen (Hassan Lemunje)

An Enemy of the People

(original Norwegian title: En folkefiende)
 

is an 1882 play by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen.
 Ibsen wrote it in response to the public outcry against his previous play, Ghosts, which challenged the hypocrisy of 19th-century morality. According to Ellen Mortensen (Ibsen Studies v.7, 169), the words "scandalous, degenerate," and "immoral" were hurled at both Ghosts and its author because it openly discussed adultery and syphilis. Therefore, An Enemy of the People tells the story of a man who dares to speak an unpalatable truth, and is punished for it. However, Ibsen took a somewhat skeptical view of his protagonist, suggesting that he may have gone too far in his zeal to tell the truth. Ibsen wrote to his publisher: "I am still uncertain as to whether I should call [An Enemy of the People] a comedy or a straight drama. It may [have] many traits of comedy, but it also is based on a serious idea."

Plot overview

Act I
Dr. Thomas Stockmann is the medical officer of a recently opened spa in a small town in southern Norway. The play begins in Dr. Stockmann's house, where his wife Katrine is entertaining dinner guests. As the evening progresses, Dr. Stockmann's brother Peter (the mayor) and Hovstad (the editor of the newspaper) arrive at the house. The Mayor asks his brother about a rumor that Hovstad is about to print an article he wrote regarding the spa baths. Dr. Stockmann is evasive about the nature of this article, and Peter leaves. Dr. Stockmann's daughter Petra brings in a letter, which reveals that Dr. Stockmann's suspicions were correct and the spa water is contaminated with bacteria (he had sent samples of water away to be tested in a lab). With this proof in hand, Hovstad agrees to print Dr. Stockmann's article, which will reveal the truth about the spa water. This will bring a great deal of attention to the baths and possibly force them to shut down (which will have repercussions on the town's economy). Dr. Stockmann is overwhelmed with all that has happened, but rejoices that he has saved the town.

Act II
The next morning in Dr. Stockmann's house. Morten Kiil, Dr. Stockmann's father-in-law, stops by to congratulate him on what Kiil believes is an elaborate prank. Kiil says that the notion that the baths are tainted is too ridiculous to be believed, and certainly not by the mayor. Hovstad and the printer Aslaksen visit the house to reinforce their commitment to the doctor and extend their gratitude. The new alliance between the newspaper and Dr. Stockmann has a deeper interest than just the baths. The newspaper wants to confront the government of the town and expose the corruption that happens behind closed doors, and this opportunity is a way to start.

Peter enters the house, and everything becomes tense. Peter tells Dr. Stockmann that if he proceeds with this article and exposes this information to the town, he will be partially culpable for the ruin of the town. Peter accuses Dr. Stockmann of being selfish and not thinking of the bigger picture. He encourages Dr. Stockmann to retract the article and to solve the problem in a more quiet way. Dr. Stockmann refuses his brother's propositions. Peter reiterates that there will be terrible consequences for him and his family.

Act III
In the newspaper office, Hovstad and Billing discuss the pros and cons of running Dr. Stockmann's article, which will damage the reputation of the town government. They are ready to proceed and help bring the privileged classes down. Dr. Stockmann comes into the office and tells them to print the article, but the office starts to experience a change of heart, questioning how valuable is it really to expose the government and the town's baths in this way. They realize printing this article will do more damage than help with the situation, and may cause the town's economy to crater. Peter Stockmann comes to the newspaper office with a statement of his own, intending to reassure the public about the safety of the spa baths. The newspaper readily agrees to print the mayor's statement. Desperate, Dr. Stockmann decides that he does not need the paper to print anything and that he can fight this battle on his own. He decides to call a town meeting and spread the information that way. Katrine Stockmann realizes that her husband is making an extreme decision and is risking his reputation, but she stands by him.

Act IV
At a town meeting in Captain Horster's house, Dr. Stockmann is about to read his water report to the townspeople. Billing, the family, the mayor, Aslaksen, and Hovstad are there. Aslaksen, a respected citizen, is elected Chairman of the meeting. Permission for Dr. Stockmann's being allowed to speak is about to be voted on when he says he has a different subject. He then winds up into a passionate oration about social evolution. He says that new, truthful ideas are always condemned, due to the "colossal stupidity of the authorities" and the small-mindedness of "the compact majority" of the people, who may as well "be exterminated." The audience feels insulted by these accusations and anger rises. By the end of the meeting the audience has rebelled, repeatedly shouting, "He is an enemy of the people!" Dr. Stockmann tells his father-in-law, Kiil, that it is his tannery that is leaking most of the poisons into the baths. As the crowd is leaving, voices are heard threatening to break his windows.

Act V
The next morning, Dr. Stockmann's study is shown, badly damaged. The windows of the house have been smashed. The town has turned against the family, and no one they know will help them. The landlord is evicting them from their house, and Petra has been fired from her job as a schoolteacher for having progressive opinions. Peter comes to the house to present Dr. Stockmann with a letter from the board of directors of the baths, terminating his contract, and a resolution from the homeowners' association stating that no one should hire Dr. Stockmann in this town again.

Dr. Stockmann's father-in-law, Morton Kiil, arrives to say that he has just bought shares in the Baths with the money that he had intended to leave to his daughter and grandchildren. He expects that will cause his son-in-law to stop his crusade, to ensure that the spa does not go bankrupt and his family will have a secure future. Dr. Stockmann rebuffs Kiil's threat and also ignores Peter's advice to leave town for a few months. Katrine tells Dr. Stockmann she is afraid that the people will drive him out of town. But Dr. Stockmann replies that he intends to stay and make them understand "that considerations of expediency turn morality and justice upside down." He ends by proclaiming himself the strongest man in town because he is able to stand alone.

Characters


Édouard Vuillard, An Enemy of the People program for Théâtre de l'Œuvre, November 1893
Doctor Thomas Stockmann, the medical officer at the new Municipal Baths and the protagonist.
Mrs. Katrine Stockmann, his wife.
Petra, their daughter, a teacher.
Ejlif & Morten, their sons.
Peter Stockmann, Doctor Stockmann's elder brother; he is the mayor of the town and thus Thomas' supervisor.
Morten Kiil, a tanner (Mrs. Stockmann's father), also known as the Badger.
Hovstad, editor of The Peoples' Messenger, the local paper.
Billing, sub-editor.
Captain Horster, a shipmaster going to America and a friend of Thomas Stockmann.
Aslaksen, a publisher (also a character in The League of Youth).
Men of various conditions and occupations, a few women, and a troop of schoolboys – the audience at a public meeting.
(Source Google Wikipedia)

CLICK HERE FOR ANALYSIS OF FORM AND CONTENTS OF THIS PLAY "AN ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE

Read More

ANALYSIS OF SUNRISE POEM BY JWANI MWAIKUSA IN SWAHILI

POEM: SUNRISE                          


POET: JWANI MWAIKUSA


Behold
The sun has risen
And with it the sons of the land has risen too
Forward they go
Well armed
Singing praises to the beauty of the sunrise
With the determination of long-term warriors
Challenging the enemy
With the courage of free mind
And vigour of a clear purpose
Sit and wait brethren
Wait and see what glory they bring at sunset
How they pay homage to the land
And their people

Guide questions
What is this poem all about?
Sunrise is a poem which is about liberation or armed struggle. It addresses on way society members are ready to go to a battle for challenging their enemy who has oppressed, humiliated, tortured and exploited them over years.

What kind is this poem?

Sunrise is a sonnet poem. It expresses in fourteen lines on the way society members are ready and determined to go for a war in order to liberate themselves from life hardships which they are experiencing.

Who speaks in the poem?

A poet portrayed is the one who speaks in the poem. The persona is determined and serious toward liberation struggle to end injustice prevailing in the society.

What is the mood of the persona?

The mood of the persona in Sunrise is serious and determined

What are the possible themes portrayed in this poem?

-In Sunrise there are themes portrayed like;
a). Unity and solidarity
b). Liberation or armed struggle
c). Patriotism
d). Determination
e). Protest
f). Classes
g). Exploitation
 h). Humiliation
 i). Oppression
j). Discrimination
k). Self sacrifice

Examine the figures of speech used in this poem

a). Personification b). Tautology c). Symbolism

d). Imagery

Identify the lessons portrayed in this poem

a). Patriotism and determination helps people to reach their life expectations
 b). Unity and self sacrifice are necessary tools for any person to restore his or her violated rights
c). Exploitation, humiliation and oppression propagates inequality and injustice in the society
 d). Protest can make people get their rights

How far is this poem related to what happens in the society today?
Sunrise is related to what happens in the society because it portrays on issues like Unity and solidarity, Patriotism, Determination, Protest, Classes, Exploitation, Humiliation, Oppression, Discrimination and Self sacrifice which are happening every day.

Click Here To Continue For More analysis of This Poem

Read More

UHAKIKI WA DIWANI YA KIMBUNGA YA HAJI GORA HAJI (Hassan Lemunje)

 KITABU: KIMBUNGA

MWANDISHI: HAJI GORA HAJI

WACHAPISHAJI: TUKI

MWAKA: 1995
 

UTANGULIZI

Kimbunga ni diwani inayozungumziwa juu ya mawaidha mbali mbali katika maisha pamoja na suala zima la ujenzi wa jamii mpya. Katika diwani hii, mwandishi ametoa maadili na maonyo mbali mbali pamoja na mbinu mbalimbali za kufuata ili kufanikisha suala la ujenzi wa jamii hapa nchini.

FANI

a)Muundo

Mwandisha ametumia miundo tofauti katika diwani hii kma vile;Tarbia (mistari 4), Tathlitha (mistari 3) katika shairi la “Kujitawala” (uk 7-8).

    Pia ametumia muundo wa takhimisa  (sabilia) – mistari 5 na kuendelea katika shairi la “Punda” (uk 21-22), shairi la “Bahati” (uk 36).

b)Mtindo

Mtindo uliotumika ni ule unaofuata kanuni za mapokeo za urari wa vina na mizani pamoja na mpangilio wa beti. Karibu mashairi yote yana vina vya kati na mwisho isipokuwa katika mashairi ya “Kimbunga” (uk 1), “Dumuzi” (uk 41), “Madereva” (uk 43), “Chuwi” (uk 42) yana nusu mstari katika kituo.

c)Matumizi ya Lugha

Mwandishi ametumia lugha rahisi iliyoshehenezwa lahaja ya Kiunguja yenye mafumbo na taswira mbali mbali na tamathali za semi kidogo na misemo kwa kiasi.

d)TAMATHALI ZA SEMI

Tashibiha

-Kwenye shairi la “Sifa ya Mke” (uk 40)

-Ufedhuli na uovu kama yake mazoea.

-Awe kama malaika mzuri kupindukiya

Tafsida

Mwandishi ametumia mbinu ya kufumba kwa kusema maneno makali, machafu, matusi kw kutumia tafsida. Mfano shairi la “Nyang’au” (uk 44) linahusu tamaa, “Paka” (uk 22) linahusu wizi, shairi la “Dumuzi” (uk 41) linakemea uvivu, n.k.

Mbinu Nyingine za Kisanaa

Takriri

Mwandishi ametumia takriri ili kuweka msisitizo mfano shairi la “Kujitawala” (uk 7-8) neno kujitawala limerudiwarudiwa.

Matumizi ya Taswira

Mwandishi ametumia taswira nyingi kama vile;

Mfano: Kimbunga …(uk 1)…..Kuashiria mapinduzi

          Kibwangai…(uk 9)….Kuashiria viongozi wasaliti

          Nyani…..(uk 9)…….Kuashiria wananchi waliosalitiwa

         Chuwi…..(uk 42)…..Kuashiria ukoloni mamboleo, n.k.

BONYEZA HAPA KUENDELEA NA UHAKIKI HUU

Read More

THREE SUITORS ONE HUSBAND PLAY ANALYSIS BY OYONO MBIA (Hassan Lemunje)

I

THREE SUITORS ONE HUSBAND
PLAYWRIGHT: OYONO MBIA
SETTING: MVOUTESSI VILLLAGE-CAMEROON
 

TITLE
The title of the play is “Three Suitors One Husband”. Tracing through the play we find
that it has a close connection with the content of the play. The following are the three suitors and one husband from “Three suitors One Husband”;
I. The first suitor is Ndi, a young hardworking farmer from Awae who proposes to marry
Juliette and pays the sum of 100,000/= francs. Unfortunately for him he does not succeed to marry Juliette. As the second suitor overpower him.
II. The second suitor is Mbia, a rich civil servant from Sangmelima who proposes to
Marry Juliette and pays the sum of 200,000/= francs plus a lot of things that he has to bring along on top of the bride price to have the marriage settled. He too does not succeed to marry Juliette.
III. The third suitor is Tchetgen, a rich trader/businessman from Bamileke who pays the
Maximum of 200,000/= francs for Juliette. He does not succeed to marry Juliette since the family wants him to pay 300,000/=francs. He is not interested and moves away.
IV. The husband is Oko a young educated man from Ambam who succeeds to marry
Juliette after paying the required amount 300,000/= francs at once. He manages to pay the money after being assisted by Juliette who steals the money her father received from the previous suitors and the two get married legally.

CLICK HERE FOR FULL ANALYSIS OF FORM AND CONTENTS OF THE PLAY

Read More

UHAKIKI WA KIVULI KINAISHI BY SAID A. MOHAMED

 JINA LA KITABU: KIVULI KINAISHI

MWANDISHI: SAID A. MOHAMED

WACHAPISHAJI: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

MWAKA: 1990

UTANGULIZI

Kivuli Kinaishi ni tamthiliya inayojadili na kuchambua matatizo mbalimbali yanayozikabili jamii zetu. Matatizo hayo ni kama vile uongozi mbaya,rushwa,kukosekana kwa haki,kuwepo kwa matabaka katika jamii,Ushirika na uzembe kazini.Kwa kutumia dhana ya Giningi mwandishi amefaulu sana katika kujadili matatizo yao.

UJENZI WA TASWIRA

Unga  wa ndere – Itikadi zinazomfanya mtu katika tabaka tawala akubalike na kushika miiko yaani elimu ya kuwapumbaza watawaliwa ili waone kila kinachofanywa na tbaka tawala ni sawa.
Unga wa rutuba – elimu ya kujitambua katika jamii na kujitambua nafasi yako na kuwa na uwezo wa kuelimisha wengine.
Sauti – mawazo ya tabaka la chini lililoathirika kutokana na utawala wa Bi Kirembwe.
Kivuli kinaishi – mawazo ya kimapinduzi yaliyokwisha pandikizwa kwa vizazi vipya ili kudai haki na usawa.
Uchawi – itikadi za viongozi wasiotaka mabadiliko.
Giningi – ngazi ya utawala wa juu katika jamii.
MANDHARI

Mwandishi ametumia mandhari ya Kitanzania kutokana na kutajwa kwa  miji kama vile Unguja  na Pemba.Vilevile mambo kama rushwa,uongozi mbaya na hali ngumu ya maisha vinaashiria nchi za dunia ya tatu kama vile Tanzania,ambapo baadhi ya viongozi hutumia vibaya madaraka yao.

JINA LA KITABU

Jina la kitabu linasadifu yote yaliyomo ndani ya kitabu.Kitaswira linaashiria mawazo ya kimapinduzi yaliyopandikizwa na Mtolewa kabla hajauawa ambayo vizazi vipya vilivyofuata viliyatumia hadi vikaleta mapinduzi.


*BOFYA HAPA KUPATA PDF

NA KUSIKILIZA UCHAMBUZI WA FANI NA MAUDHUI*

Read More

UHAKIKI WA RIWAYA YA MFADHILI KIDATO CHA 5_6 BY HUSEIN ISSA TUWA

JINA LA KITABU: MFADHILI.

MWANDISHI: HUSSEIN TUWA

MCHAPISHAJI: MACMILLAN

MWAKA: 2007

Utangulizi kuhusu Riwaya
Mfadhili ni riwaya iliyoandikwa na Hussein Tuwa, ni riwaya inayoongelea juu ya penzi zito baina ya watu wawili, Gaddi Bullah na Dania Theobald na jinsi ambavyo penzi hilo linavyoingiliwa na mitihani,majaribu na misukosuko mikubwa na namna ambavyo kila mmoja anavyojaribu kukabiliana na hiyo misukosuko. Ni riwaya inayogusa moyo na isiyochosha kusomwa na wasomaji wa kila aina.
Mwandishi Hussein Tuwa pamoja na kuandika riwaya hii, pia ameandika riwaya nyingine inayoitwa, Mkimbizi.
Utangulizi kuhusu uhakiki wa riwaya hii
Tunapofanya uhakiki wa kazi za fasihi huwa tunachambua vipengele mbalimbali  vya fasihi, vipengele hivyo ambavyo huchambuliwa ni fani na maudhui, katika fani huwa tunajishughulisha na Vipengele kama, wahusika, mandhari, mtindo, muundo, matumizi ya lugha, jina la kitabu na jalada, wakati katika maudhui huwa tunashughulika na vipengele kama vile dhamira, migogoro, ujumbe, falsafa ya mwandishi, mtazamo wa mwandishi.

*JINA LA KITABU*
Tukianza na jina la kitabu, jina la kitabu ni Mfadhili, kwa mujibu wa Kamusi ya kiswahili Sanifu [1981] nenoMfadhili limefasiliwa kuwa ni, “Mtu anayemfanyia wema mkubwa mtu mwingine” Kwa maana hiyo basi, kwa kiasi kikubwa jina la kitabu linasadifu yale yanayozungumzwa katika riwaya hii. Kwa mfano tunaona baada ya Dania kuanza kuumwa na Daktari kuthibitisha kuwa ana tatizo la ini juhudi za kumtafuta mfadhili atakayejitolea ini lake lipandikizwe kwa Dania zinafanyika kama mwandishi anavyosema; “Hawakuwa na la kufanya zaidi ya kuanza kutangaza kwenye vyombo vya habari vya ndani na nje ya nchi kuomba wasamaria wema watakaopenda kujitolea sehemu ya ini kumfadhili mgonjwa…” [Uk. 134]
Baada ya Juhudi zote kufanyika za kumtafuta mfadhili kufanyika hatimaye Mwandishi anaonesha kupatikana kwa mfadhili huyo, Mwandishi analithibitisha hili anaposema; “Nina taarifa njema muhimu kwetu sote…hatimaye mfadhili amepatikana!” [Uk 137]
Mwandhishi anamuonesha Gaddi Bullah kuwa ndiye aliyejitolea ini kumfadhili Dania na hivyo kuokoa uhai wa Dania, kama mwandishi anavyothibitisha akimtumia muhusika Dokta Virani anapomwambia Dania; “Gaddi Bullah ndiye mfadhiri wako Dania…” [Uk 140]
Vilevile jina la kitabu linasadifu yale yanayozungumzwa katika riwaya kwa sababu tunamwona Dania baada ya kupona anakuwa akijiuliza kila mara ni nani mfadhili wake? swali ambalo limekuwa likiusumbua moyo wa Dania, kama mwandishi anavyosema; “Ila sasa akili yake ikawa inajiuliza swali moja kila siku. Mfadhili wake ni nani?” [Uk 139]
Pia swala la ufadhili linajitokeza kwa Jerry amabaye anapata ufadhili wa kwenda kusoma Marekani, kama Mwandhishi anavyosema; “…Alikuwa amepata ufadhili wa shirika moja la kimataifa ambalo huwa linapokea maombi mengi sana ya ufadhili kuliko uwezo uliopo…” [Uk 83]
Pamoja na hayo kuna ufadhili mwingine unaofanywa na Dokta Virani kwa Bi. Hanuna, baada ya Bi. Hanuna kukamatwa na polisi na kuwekwa rumande ni Dokta Virani ndiye anayemfadhili kwa kumtoa kwa dhamana kama mwandhishi anavyosema; “Dokta Virani alipopata taarifa alihangaika huku na huko kumpatia dhamana, lakini ilishindikana.” Mwandishi anaendelea kusema; “Siku iliyofuata, Dokta Vilani alifanikiwa kumtoa kwa dhamana.” [Uk 127]
Ufadhili unaofanywa na Mama Mlole kwa Dania na Gaddi Bullah, licha ya kuwa Dania na Gaddi Bullah kuwa na matatizo ambayo yangeweza kuwafukuzisha kazi, Mama Mlole anafanya juhudi kubwa kushawishi uongozi wa kampuni ili waweze kuendelea na kazi kama mwandishi anavyosema akimtumia muhusika Mama Mlole anaposema; “Ndio…na kwa hatua aliyofikia, ilibidi aachishwe kazi, lakini kwa kumsaidia, nikiwa kama Afisa Utumishi wa kampuni, nilipendekeza apewe likizo….nilifanya kazi ya ziada kuushawishi uongo wa kampuni juu ya hili, jinsi nilivyofanya kazi ya ziada kulishawishi lile jopo la wakaguzi kule Arusha kukupa wewe nafasi nyingine…badala ya kukufaukuza kazi…”   [Uk 88]
Hivyo basi kwa ushahidi huo tunaweza kusema jina la kitabu linasadifu yale yote yanayozungumzwa katika riwaya hii.

BOFYA HAPA KUONA UHAKIKIZAIDI WA RIWAYA YA MFADHILI NA KUPAKUA PDF

Read More

THE LION AND THE JEWEL PLAY ANALYSIS BY WOLE SOYINKA (Teacher Hassan Lemunje)

CLICK HERE FOR MORE ANALYSIS

PLAY TITLE: THE LION AND THE JEWEL
.

PLAYWRIGHT: WOLE SOYINKA.

PUBLISHERS: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.

PUBLICATION: 1963.

A: CHARACTERS AND CHARACTERIZATION.

i). SIDI.
-The Village Belle
ii). LAKUNLE.
-A School teacher
iii). BAROKA.
-The ‘Bale’ of Ilujinle
iv). SADIKU.
-Baroka’s head wife
iv). AILATU.
-Baroka’s favourite
v). OTHERS.
-Village girls
-A Wrestler
-A Surveyor
-School boys etc.

Story Structure
This text has arranged its events in chronological order. The playwright has divided this play into three parts being MORNING, NOON and NIGHT.
To begin with MORNING the playwright introduces a text by portraying at a Schoolmaster named LAKUNLE who is shown in the classroom with his students teaching. Shortly, it is portrayed on a Village Belle named SIDI who is shown passing at school making a teacher leave a class and follow her.
Also, this part introduces an expository part as LAKUNLE is portrayed asking a hand of marriage from SIDI but they are in disagreement on the issue of paying the bride price.
Moreover, this part introduces some girls who join hands to LAKUNLE’s and SIDI’s conversation being followed with a traditional dance on the lost traveler. This part ends by the arrival of BAROKA the village Bale who accuses LAKUNLE of stealing a village maidenhead even though he didn’t go.
Furthermore, by realizing the contribution brought by a schoolmaster especially in telling where the society goes wrong. Also, this part builds suspense by portraying BAROKA being in strong desire of marrying another wife as some five full five months has passed since he married.
At NOON, the playwright portrays on SIDI being with LAKUNLE on the way from fetching firewood then they meet with SADIKU who is BAROKA’s eldest wife being sent by BAROKA to ask a hand for marriage as his last wife. The part reveals LAKUNLE’s sadness after hearing the news; however SIDI tells SADIKU that she won’t marry BAROKA. The part goes on depicting BAROKA’s reply after SIDI’s protest on his hand of being a last wife as he makes a trick by laying SADIKU that he is impotent.
At the NIGHT part portrays on SADIKU’s emancipation as she is happy from her husband’s impotence. The part reveals SADIKU singing a song of victory and sharing the story with SIDI the thing which reveals ignorance as SIDI goes to attend at BAROKA’s supper with an intent to mock him unfortunately BAROKA becomes brave and ruins SIDI by having sex with her and destroying her virginity the thing which hurt her a s she realizes it was a trick to traps her. At last this part portrays on illusion as SIDI is married by BAROKA and not LAKUNLE adhering to the custom of marrying a first man who met such a lady.
To sum up a plot of this play, the playwright has began an exposition part by naming it as MORNING where a schoolmaster named LAKUNLE is portrayed teaching; with no time a beautiful girl named SIDI passes the school compound the thing which attracts a schoolmaster, making him leave a class following the girl to ask a hand of marriage.
Rising action begins when LAKUNLE and SIDI are portrayed in disagreement on the issue of paying bride price, being followed with the coming of GIRLS where singing and dancing are portrayed ending by LAKUNLE being accused by a chief BAROKA of stealing a village maidenhead.
Climax is portrayed at a part named NOON, where BAROKA is revealed sending his eldest wife named SADIKU to seduce SIDI marry him as a last wife. This thing made LAKUNLE sad but SIDI opposes the chief’s idea by portraying that BAROKA is older than her. This part ends when SADIKU informs the chief on SIDI’s refusal at his order, the thing which made BAROKA plan a trick of importance in order to trap SIDI.
Falling action comes at a part named NIGHT where SADIKU is portrayed singing, celebrating on women’s emancipation and victory over men’s oppression as chief has became impotent. This makes SIDI attend at chief’s supper as a way of mocking him.
SIDI’s attendance at Chief’s supper leads to a last part of resolution as SIDI is portrayed being deceived by a chief, making sex with him the practice which made her loose her virginity. This event builds an illusion as SIDI had to marry the chief instead of LAKUNLE a schoolmaster.


CLICK HERE FOR MORE ANALYSIS

Read More